Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm lub microscope tuaj yeem taug qab mus rau xyoo pua 16th. Txawm hais tias lub tswv yim ntawm kev nthuav dav thiab lo ntsiab muag tau paub ntau pua xyoo, nws yog lub sijhawm no uas muaj kev nce qib tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej kho qhov muag kom nthuav dav cov khoom me me.
Qhov credit rau kev tsim lub tshuab microscope, uas siv ntau lub lo ntsiab muag los nthuav cov khoom, feem ntau muab rau Dutch tus kws tshawb fawb Zacharias Janssen. Nyob ib ncig ntawm xyoo 1590, Janssen thiab nws txiv Hans Janssen, uas yog cov neeg ua yeeb yam, tsim lub tshuab tsom iav los ntawm kev tso ntau lub lens rau hauv ib lub raj. Lub tshuab kuaj kab mob thaum ntxov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws vim nws tso cai rau kev nthuav dav ntau dua thiab txhim kho qhov pom tseeb dua piv rau cov khoom siv magnifying yav dhau los.
Hans thiab Zacharias Janssen's microscope muaj qhov txwv uas nws raug kev txom nyem los ntawm chromatic aberration, qhov sib txawv xim yuav tsom rau ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib txawv, ua rau pom qhov muag tsis pom. Qhov kev txwv no tau hais tom qab los ntawm lwm tus kws tshawb fawb Dutch, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, Leeuwenhoek refined tus tsim ntawm lub microscope thiab tsim nws tus kheej haib lo ntsiab muag. Nws ua tiav qhov kev nthuav dav zoo kawg nkaus thiab yog thawj tus saib xyuas thiab sau cov kab mob, xws li cov kab mob thiab protozoa, siv nws lub tshuab tsom.
Leeuwenhoek's microscopes yog cov khoom siv yooj yim thiab ib lub lens hu ua "simple microscopes" lossis "Leeuwenhoek microscopes." Cov microscopes no muaj ib qho me me, zoo iav sphere mounted rau ntawm ib lub phaj hlau, nrog rau cov qauv muab tso rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm ib rab koob. Los ntawm kev ua tib zoo kho qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov qauv thiab lub lens, Leeuwenhoek ua tiav qhov kev nthuav dav txog li 270 zaug.
Kev txhim kho thiab kho kom zoo ntawm lub tshuab ntsuas ntsuas txuas ntxiv mus rau ntau pua xyoo, nrog kev koom tes los ntawm lwm cov kws tshawb fawb tseem ceeb xws li Robert Hooke thiab Ernst Abbe. Hooke phau ntawv "Micrographia" luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1665 qhia nws cov kev soj ntsuam uas siv cov tshuab microscopes thiab nrov siv cov tshuab ntsuas hauv kev tshawb fawb.
Niaj hnub no, microscopes tau dhau los ua cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov chaw, suav nrog biology, tshuaj, ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, thiab nanotechnology. Lawv tau hloov zuj zus mus rau hauv cov cuab yeej siv siab heev uas muaj peev xwm ua tiav qib siab zoo kawg nkaus ntawm kev nthuav dav thiab kev daws teeb meem, ua rau cov kws tshawb fawb tshawb nrhiav cov ntsiab lus sib txawv ntawm lub ntiaj teb microscopic.