Nws txhais li cas?
Peb paub - muaj ntau yam los npog. Muaj txhua yam ntawm tus lej, prisms thiab txheej txheej uas xa peb mus rau kiv taub hau. Yog li, cia peb pib ntawm qhov pib, puas yog?
Dab tsi yog binoculars? Binoculars yog ib qho khoom siv kho qhov muag uas yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txuam ntawm cov lo ntsiab muag thiab cov prisms uas ua rau pom qhov loj ntawm ib qho kev kawm, khoom lossis qhov chaw. Tsis zoo li lub koob yees duab lossis lub ntsej muag pom, lub koob yees duab muaj ob lub qhov muag sib txuas ua ke ua rau koj saib los ntawm ob lub qhov muag qhib - tswj koj qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw thiab cov duab zoo li qub.
Muaj ob lub ntsiab ntawm kev tsim duab binocular - Porro Prism binoculars thiab Roof Prism binoculars. Peb mam li dhia tob rau hauv cov no tom qab, tab sis luv luv; qhov twg lawv txawv yog nrog cov layout ntawm iav prisms nyob rau hauv lawv. Nws yog cov prisms uas kho cov duab uas peb pom thaum peb saib los ntawm lub binoculars. Yog tias tsis muaj prism, daim duab yuav tig mus thiab distorted.
Tam sim no, lwm yam uas cuam tshuam qhov teeb meem yog tus nqi. Feem ntau tuaj yeem muaj tus nqi sib txawv loj rau ob lub koob yees duab uas zoo li zoo ib yam. Tab sis ntau yam tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tus nqi suav nrog cov prisms siv, qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, lub lens txheej thiab lwm yam xws li weatherproofing thiab cov khoom siv chassis.
Yog li, cia peb nkag mus rau hauv nws.
Wb tham cov lej
Binoculars yog categorized los ntawm cov lej xws li 8x32 lossis 10x42. Thawj tus naj npawb qhia qhov loj lossis lub zog thiab qhov thib ob yog lub hom phiaj lens txoj kab uas hla. Yog tias koj siv ob lub koob yees duab 8x32, lub8 hais txog lub zog magnification. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov duab koj yuav pom yuav tshwm 8 zaug ze dua li qhov muag liab qab.
Vim li cas koj ho tsis xav kom muaj zog magnification?Nws nyob ntawm koj siv. Binoculars nrog kev nthuav dav dav feem ntau loj dua thiab hnyav dua thiab yog li ntawd tuaj yeem ua tau cumbersome thiab nyuaj rau tuav khov kho yog siv tes tuav. Sib npaug, piv txwv li, yog tias koj lub hom phiaj yog kom muaj kev pom dav dav kom koj tuaj yeem taug qab cov noog hauv davhlau yooj yim - qhov kev nthuav dav loj yuav nyuaj rau kev khiav lag luam. Ib qho kev nthuav dav ntau dua sib npaug ntawm qhov pom kev nqaim - ntau ntxiv rau qhov no tuaj.
Qhov thib ob daim duab (32, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no) yog hais txog lub cheeb ntawm lub hom phiaj lens nyob rau hauv millimeters (qhov koj tsis saib los ntawm - tshwj tsis yog tias koj yog ib tug me nyuam yaus thiab ua txhua yam me me -sim nws). Lub hom phiaj lens yog qhov twg lub teeb nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab. Qhov loj ntawm txoj kab uas hla, lub teeb ntau yog cia nyob rau hauv uas ua rau ib tug brighter, clearer thiab sharper duab.
Yog li, muaj tseeb koj yuav ib txwm mus rau txoj kab uas hla loj tshaj?Nws ua rau kev nkag siab, tab sis muaj qhov caveat. Zoo li qhov muaj zog magnifications - qhov loj ntawm lub hom phiaj lens, qhov loj dua qhov hnyav thiab qhov loj ntawm koj lub koob yees duab.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, muaj ntau yam uas yuav tsum tau xav txog ua ntej txiav txim siab seb qhov twg yuav yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj rau koj.
Tawm ntawm Tub Kawm Ntawv
Cov menyuam kawm ntawv tawm yog qhov loj ntawm lub teeb tsom ntawm lub teeb uas cuam tshuam lub qhov muag thiab hais txog qhov ci ntawm daim duab koj pom yuav nyob rau hauv qhov chaw qis. Qhov loj ntawm tus tub kawm ntawv tus lej tawm, qhov ci dua daim duab - qhov no yog ib yam uas yuav tsum tau hais txog yog tias koj xav siv lub koob yees duab hauv lub teeb qis xws li tsaus ntuj lossis kaj ntug.
Txhawm rau nrhiav cov tub ntxhais kawm tawm ntawm ob lub koob yees duab, koj tsuas yog faib lub hom phiaj lub lens txoj kab uas hla los ntawm kev nthuav dav - yog li, rau peb khub ntawm 8x32 binos, peb yuav faib 32 los ntawm 8, muab peb cov tub ntxhais kawm tawm ntawm 4 hli. Lub iris ntawm tib neeg lub qhov muag feem ntau yog dilated los ntawm 2-3 hli nyob rau hauv tshav ntuj thiab 6-7 hli nyob rau hauv twilight tej yam kev mob. Yog li, rau kev siv niaj hnub niaj hnub, koj tuaj yeem xaiv ib khub ntawm 10x42 lossis 8x42 binoculars nrog rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv txoj kab uas hla ntawm 5 hli.
Txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov tub kawm ntawv tawm yuav tsum ib txwm loj dua cov menyuam kawm ntawv ntawm koj lub qhov muag. Yog tias txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv tawm me dua li cov menyuam kawm ntawv ntawm koj lub qhov muag, koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem pom daim duab tag nrho thiab yuav zoo li koj tab tom saib los ntawm cov quav cab.
Qhov muag nyem
Qhov muag nyem yog hais txog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm koj cov menyuam kawm ntawv thiab lub qhov muag thaum pom tag nrho qhov chaw pom. Yog tias koj ob lub qhov muag nyob deb dhau lawm, daim duab yuav pib vignette thiab koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem pom tag nrho scene. Qhov luv qhov muag nyem, qhov ze koj lub qhov muag yuav tsum tau mus rau lub koob yees duab kom pom tag nrho cov duab.
Qhov kev ncua deb no txawv ntawm hom-rau-hom, thiab bino-rau-bino. Qhov no ua rau muaj teeb meem rau cov neeg uas hnav tsom iav li tsom iav tiv thaiv lub koob yees duab kom tsis txhob raug coj los ze koj lub qhov muag. Thaum ntxiv qhov kev ncua deb yuav zoo li tsis tseem ceeb, nws cuam tshuam rau cov duab zoo thiab koj lub peev xwm kom tau txais kev ua kom pom tseeb. Hmoov zoo, muaj qee qhov kev daws teeb meem.
Ntau lub koob yees duab muaj qhov muag kho qhov muag uas tuaj yeem sib tw hauv thiab tawm los teeb tsa qhov kev ncua deb zoo tshaj plaws rau cov neeg siv. Lwm tus yog nruab nrog lub qhov muag foldable uas tso cai rau koj los ze zog rau lub lens. Thiab tom qab ntawd, qee lub koob yees duab muaj cov kev hloov kho dioptric ntawm ib qho ntawm cov eyepieces rau qhov zoo-tuning lub focusing system kom haum rau koj qhov muag tshuaj.
Field of View
Ua ntej yuav ib khub ntawm binoculars, nws yog qhov zoo kom paub tias qhov tsim, qhov loj me thiab qhov loj ntawm lub koob yees duab cuam tshuam rau cov duab uas koj yuav pom los ntawm lawv. Raws li peb tau hais yav dhau los, qhov kev nthuav dav dua, qhov pom kev nqaim dua.
Thaum peb hais qhov kev pom, peb tab tom hais txog qhov dav ntawm thaj chaw koj tuaj yeem pom. Nws feem ntau tau piav qhia hauv ob txoj hauv kev - thiab thaum txoj kev uas tib neeg piav qhia nws txawv, peb tau txais "angular field of view" thiab "linear field of view".
Lub kaum sab xis ntawm qhov pom yog lub kaum ntse ntse uas lub koob yees duab muab - qhov no feem ntau ntsuas hauv degrees. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov pom yog hais txog qhov dav ntawm thaj chaw pom thaum saib los ntawm cov duab thaij duab - qhov no yog qhia hauv ko taw ntawm qhov deb ntawm 1,000 yards, lossis meters ntawm 1,000 metres.
Peb tuaj yeem siv lub angular field of view los xam cov linear field of view. Cia peb khiav qee tus lej…
1 degree=52.5 feet ntawm 1,000 yards
Peb yuav tsum muab qhov angular pom los ntawm 52.2.
Coj peb tus piv txwv ntawm 8x32 binoculars - khub no muaj angular teb ntawm 8 degree . Txhawm rau ua haujlwm tawm ntawm thaj chaw pom ntawm 1000 yards, peb muab 8 los ntawm 52.5 sib npaug ntawm qhov pom ntawm qhov pom ntawm 420 ft.
Thaum saib los ntawm koj cov kev xaiv, nco ntsoov - tus lej loj dua rau qhov angular lossis linear kev pom txhais tau tias koj yuav pom thaj chaw loj dua thaum saib los ntawm. Nyob ntawm seb koj tab tom npaj siv lub binos li cas, qhov kev pom loj dua yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev saib xyuas yam xws li kev txav mus los, noog, tsiaj qus lossis cov kis las.
Yam tsawg kawg Focus Distance
Tej zaum ib qho txawv me ntsis ntawm qhov chaw pom thaum peb yuav lub koob yees duab kom coj cov khoom nyob deb mus rau qhov pom ze. Zoo, feem ntau, qhov no yog qhov tseeb. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau tus neeg siv xws li cov neeg soj ntsuam tsiaj qus uas tseem siv lawv lub koob yees duab los nthuav cov nroj tsuag, paj thiab kab - lossis, cov neeg saib noog, uas xav tuaj yeem xaiv cov ntsiab lus feeb ntawm lawv cov ntsiab lus. Thiab, yog li ntawd, kev paub txog qhov ntau yam uas lawv yuav muaj peev xwm ua kom pom tseeb ntawm qhov ze tshaj plaws tsom mus deb thiab infinity yog qhov tseem ceeb!
Feem ntau hais lus, raws li qhov kev nthuav dav ntawm binoculars nce mus, yog li qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov ze ntawm lub koob yees duab tuaj yeem tsom. Yog tias koj yog ib tus neeg uas xav kom muaj peev xwm tsom mus rau cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb ntawm koj cov kev kawm, ces koj yuav tsum tshawb xyuas cov tsom iav tsom iav nrog lub hom phiaj loj loj (raws li lub teeb ntxiv pab kom nthuav dav) thiab nthuav dav li ntawm 8x (tsis tas li, thiab koj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus. focusing nrug yuav deb dhau).
Ua kom pom tseeb
Feem ntau cov binoculars muaj lub hauv paus tsom xam, ua haujlwm los ntawm lub log tseem ceeb nyob rau ntawm tus choj ntawm ob lub raj kho qhov muag. Qhov no yog qhov style tshaj plaws thiab yooj yim tshaj plaws rau kev khiav lag luam rau txhua qib ntawm cov neeg siv. Ib tug feature ntawm no style yog ib tug dioptric adjustment dial (zoo li peb tau npog yav tas los) uas yog feem ntau ntawm ib los yog ob qho tib si ntawm lub eyepieces uas tso cai rau koj mus rau fine-tune lub tsom xam kom haum raws li cov tshuaj tsom iav thiab lwm yam. tsom mechanism, thiab theem ntawm kev kho diopter txawv ntawm hom rau hom.)
Koj tuaj yeem hla lub koob yees duab nrog rau lwm lub tshuab tsom xam xws li cov qauv ua kom pom tseeb ntawm tus kheej uas tso cai rau koj los kho kom pom tseeb rau txhua qhov muag. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev tsom xam qhov tseeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj paub tias ib lub qhov muag luv dua lossis pom deb dua li lwm qhov. Qhov no yog ib qho system rau cov neeg siv solo - koj tsis xav kom koj lub teeb hloov pauv yog tias koj tab tom sib qhia koj lub koob yees duab.
Lwm hom uas koj tuaj yeem hla yog cov duab thaij duab uas feem ntau hu ua "auto-focus binoculars" lossis "self-focusing binoculars". Qhov no yog qhov tsis meej pem thiab tsis meej pem vim tias lawv tsis ua kom pom tseeb thiab lawv yuav tsum raug xa mus rau qhov tsis muaj tsom iav tsom iav. Lawv cia siab rau qhov yooj ntawm koj ob lub qhov muag kom cov duab meej thiab ua kom pom tseeb. Tam sim no, ob peb yam yuav tsum nco ntsoov.
Cov tsom iav tsom iav tsis muaj tsom iav tsis muaj lub ntsej muag tsom thiab yog li ntawd, tsawg dua qhov txav. Qhov no ua rau lawv feem ntau hnav, compact, robust thiab pheej yig dua. Lawv kuj tseem yooj yim dua los ua kom muaj plua plav / dej tsis zoo thiab vim tag nrho cov laj thawj no, lawv tau zoo haum rau cov xwm txheej hnyav, saib cov khoom thaum tsiv (xws li hiking) thiab zoo haum rau tam sim ntawd tshwm sim (xws li saib noog). Suab zoo, txoj cai?
Zoo, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov koob yees duab zoo li no ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau rau koj lub qhov muag thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tsis xis nyob - feem ntau tsis muaj teeb meem rau cov menyuam yaus lossis cov hluas. Tab sis raws li peb muaj hnub nyoog, peb lub qhov muag lub peev xwm ua kom pom tseeb qeeb thiab vim li no, hom binocular no tuaj yeem ua rau qhov muag tsis pom. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub koob yees duab nrog lub ntsej muag ruaj khov tsuas yog tsom los ntawm 10-12 meters mus rau lub ntsiab lus lawv tsis zoo tagnrho rau txhua tus - lawv tau tsom rau cov neeg uas xav pom qhov chaw qhib dav.
Nws yog dab tsi nyob rau hauv uas suav
Porro los yog Roof
Okay, peb rov qab mus rau prisms dua - raws li tau cog lus tseg. Raws li tau hais ua ntej, muaj ob lub ntsiab ntawm kev tsim duab kos duab - Porro Prism binoculars thiab Roof Prism binoculars.
Porro prism binoculars muaj qhov cuam tshuam sab hauv prism kom nthuav cov duab. Vim tias qhov dav dav ntawm ob lub lo ntsiab muag, koj yuav tuaj yeem pom ntau qhov tseeb-rau-lub neej, 3D duab piv rau lub ru tsev prism tsim. Lawv kuj yooj yim los tsim thiab muab cov khoom kho qhov muag zoo ntawm tus nqi qis, tus nqi zoo. Tab sis raws li ib txwm muaj, muaj kev sib pauv. Porro prism binoculars yog qhov loj thiab hnyav dua li lub ru tsev prism tsim, yog li tsis yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev mus ncig lossis txhua qhov xwm txheej tiag tiag uas koj xav kom tuaj yeem nqa koj lub koob yees duab hauv koj lub hnab.
Nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev prism binoculars, cov ntsiab lus kho qhov muag yog ua raws li ib leeg, uas tso cai rau ntau compact, hnav thiab portable designs. Lawm, lub ru tsev prism binoculars tau dhau los ua qhov kev xaiv zoo dua vim tias lawv qhov kev txav mus los yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam cov duab zoo. Thiab, ua tsaug rau niaj hnub kho qhov muag engineering, feem ntau lub ru tsev prisms muab cov duab zoo dua thiab kev ua tau zoo tag nrho.
Tab sis tau kawg, nws tsis yog meej-txiav raws li nws yuav zoo li. Raws li tau hais, Porro prisms feem ntau pheej yig dua thiab yooj yim dua los tsim. Koj tuaj yeem pom tias koj tuaj yeem yuav ib khub ntawm porro prism binoculars nrog cov duab zoo dua thiab / lossis lub hom phiaj loj rau tib tus nqi raws li lub ru tsev prism khub nrog qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov muag.
Optical Elements
Qhov zoo ntawm cov iav siv los tsim cov lo ntsiab muag thiab prisms yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm ib khub zoo nkauj ntawm ob lub koob yees duab (los yog lub koob yees duab lo ntsiab muag, rau qhov teeb meem). Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo lossis cov khoom siv tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov duab koj pom. Scenes tej zaum yuav muaj xim txawv txawv, yuav distorted los yog koj tsuas yuav tsis tau txais koj daim duab nyob rau hauv tsom xam!
Ntau lub koob yees duab yuav khav theeb tshwj xeeb iav xws li tsis tshua muaj dispersion los yog ntxiv-tsawg dispersion iav uas yog tsim tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv los yog tshem tawm optical distortion los yog aberrations. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov no yog huv, sharper, high-contrast dluab nrog tseeb-rau-lub neej xim rendition. Tag nrho cov no piav qhia qhov sib txawv loj heev hauv cov ntawv cim npe.
Cov ntaub ntawv uas prisms yog tsim tawm los ntawm kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau cov duab zoo ntawm cov duab thaij duab. Muaj peb yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv prism: BaK-4, BK-7 thiab SK15.
BaK-4(Baritleichkron, ib hom Barium Crown iav) yog suav tias yog ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo tshaj plaws rau lub tsev prisms vim nws qhov siab refractive Performance index thiab qis dua lub kaum sab xis uas ua rau lub teeb kis tau zoo thiab tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam sab hauv.
BK{0}}iav yog cov khoom siv feem ntau siv thiab feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv qis dua. Hom no muaj kev sib kis tau zoo heev thiab feem ntau muaj qhov tsis zoo sab hauv, tab sis tsis sib xws rau qhov zoo ntawm BaK-4
SK 15iav zaum hauv nruab nrab ntawm BK-4 thiab BK-7. Nws nta qhov siab dua qhov ntsuas siab dua li ob qho tib si, tab sis lub teeb tawg los yog sib cais thaum dhau los ntawm lub lens yog qhov chaw nyob nruab nrab.
Txheej txheej
Cov txheej yog tsim tshwj xeeb tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab uas siv rau ob lub lo ntsiab muag thiab prisms kom txo qis glare thiab reflections, ua kom lub teeb kis tau tus mob thiab qhov sib txawv, ua rau cov xim zoo nkauj dua thiab feem ntau txhim kho cov duab zoo. Koj yuav tuaj hla cov ntsiab lus xws li coated, tag nrho-coated, multi-coating thiab tag nrho multi-coated thiab theem-coasted uas xa mus rau hom txheej siv thiab qhov twg txheej nyob. Cia peb saib ntawm txhua hom lens txheej:
Coatedlo ntsiab muag muaj tsawg kawg yog ib qho nyias nyias los tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib lossis ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub lens.
Coated tag nrholo ntsiab muag muaj tsawg kawg yog ib txheej nyias los tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntawm ob sab ntawm lub hom phiaj lens thiab ob sab ntawm lub lens system.
Multi-coatedlo ntsiab muag muaj raws li lub npe qhia, ntau txheej txheej txheej ntawm ib lossis ntau qhov ntawm lub lens.
Siab multi-coatedlo ntsiab muag yuav muaj ntau txheej txheej ntawm txhua qhov chaw lo ntsiab muag. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau yog txuam nrog high-end optics thiab yog ib qho kev kos npe ntawm kev craftsmanship.
Phase txheejcuam tshuam rau lub ru tsev prism binoculars. Vim hais tias ntawm cov qauv tsim tawm, lub teeb hla lub raj tau txais kev cuam tshuam ntawm nws tus kheej rau ib qho luv luv. Thaum qhov no tshwm sim, qee lub teeb nthwv dej uas nyob rau hauv lub raj tawm ntawm theem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam uas txo qhov ci ntsa iab thiab ntse.
Prism Coatings yog siv ua ke nrog lub lens txheej, ntxiv kom pom lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab txhim kho cov duab ci / qhov sib piv. Muaj ntau ntau hom, uas feem ntau yuav siv cov txheej txheem reflective coatings, tab sis ib co high-end binoculars muaj tshwj xeeb dielectric coatings siv rau lub prisms, uas tso cai rau ntau los yog tsawg tshaj li 100% ntawm lub teeb los ntawm lub prism thiab yog li ntawd, nws ua ib tug brighter, siab dua. duab sib piv.
Lwm hom txheej yog siv los kho cov nyhuv ntawm theem - ib qho teeb meem tsuas yog cuam tshuam los ntawm lub ru tsev prisms. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog vim txoj kev lub teeb txav los ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Raws li lub teeb dhau los ntawm lub hom phiaj lens, nws tau muab faib ua ob qhov sib cais thiab ntawm nws tus kheej mus ncig ntawm lub teeb. Thaum ob lub beams recombined nyob rau hauv lub eyepiece lens lawv yog me ntsis tawm ntawm theem nrog ib leeg (vim ib tug yuav ntaus lub eyepiece milliseconds ua ntej rau lwm yam) ua rau tsis zoo xim tsis sib xws thiab xim rendition. Kev siv cov txheej txheej ua kom qeeb qeeb ntawm cov nqaj nrawm mus rau tib lub nrawm dua li lwm qhov - coj lawv rov qab mus rau theem - yog li lawv tsoo lub qhov muag tib lub sijhawm. Qhov no loj heev txhim kho xim, sib piv thiab clarity.
Lens thiab prism coatings feem ntau yog qhov zoo yog tias lawv ua tau ib yam dab tsi. Muaj ntau ntau cov txheej uas pheej yig dua uas, thaum lawv tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsej muag zoo li "txias" (xws li "txias" xim xim rau lub hom phiaj lens), yuav tsis muab cov txiaj ntsig kho qhov muag.
Kev tsim kho Binocular
Cov khoom siv ncej
Muaj ntau yam ntaub ntawv uas lub thav duab ntawm ib khub ntawm ob lub koob yees duab tuaj yeem ua los ntawm. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau siv yog aluminium alloy. Nws yog lub teeb yuag, muaj zog, yooj yim ua haujlwm nrog thiab pheej yig. Nws kuj yog ib txwm resistant rau corrosion, uas yog ib tug loj ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob raug kos los ntawm tej yam xws li "aircraft-qib" tshwj tsis yog ib qib tshwj xeeb tau hais txog xws li 6061-T6. Txhua yam khoom siv hauv lub dav hlau yog "qib dav hlau" - koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv qib uas muaj pov thawj lub zog thiab corrosion-resistant zog. Feem ntau, yog tias nws hais tias aluminium, nws yuav muaj zog thiab hnav.
Magnesium tso cai rau lwm yam khoom siv rau nws qhov siab zog-rau-qhov hnyav piv - nws kuj yog feem ntau siv rau lub koob yees duab lub cev rau qhov tseeb vim li cas. Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm magnesium alloy binoculars tshaj aluminium yog tias lawv yuav sib dua thiab yog li ntawd, yuav ua rau qaug zog tsawg dua yog tias koj siv koj lub koob yees duab ntev ntev. Lawv kuj muaj zog heev yog li yuav tiv taus kev siv sab nraum zoov (thiab/los yog menyuam yaus tso lawv…)
Koj tseem yuav tuaj hla polycarbonate chassis. Qhov no yog cov khoom siv feem ntau siv rau cov tsom iav tsom iav uas tsim los siv rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Tshwj tsis yog cov hlau, polycarbonate thav duab uas tsis tsuas yog nyob twj ywm hauv qhov kub thiab txias, tab sis nws yuav tsis nthuav / daim ntawv cog lus thaum muab los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov no yuav ncua kev siv lub koob yees duab zoo dua li cov khoom siv hlau thaum lub sij hawm, kev hloov pauv kub tuaj yeem ua tsis zoo rau cov khoom siv kho qhov muag sab hauv thiab yog li ntawd, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev ua kom pom tseeb.
Huab cua Resistant, Waterproof, Fog pov thawj
Koj xav tias yog koj muaj ib tug, koj yuav muaj lawv tag nrho. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov teeb meem thiab txiav txim siab seb txhua qhov kev ntsuas txhais tau li cas yuav hais qhov twg / thaum twg koj tuaj yeem siv lub koob yees duab. Peb tau faib qhov no los ua kom pom tseeb me ntsis.
Tsis Rating
Cov koob yees duab uas tsis muaj huab cua tiv thaiv lossis ntsuas ntsuas yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau hauv nag, hauv hiav txwv lossis txhua qhov chaw uas muaj dej noo. Cov dej noo tuaj yeem pom nws txoj hauv kev mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab thaum koj saib los ntawm, cua sov los ntawm koj lub ntsej muag yuav ua rau cov dej noo kom condense thiab "fog" nyob rau hauv lub lens, txwv tsis pub koj saib thiab muaj peev xwm tsom - nws kuj yuav nws thiaj li ua rau xeb thiab corrosion.
Huab cua Resistant
Lub koob yees duab tiv thaiv huab cua, feem ntau, yuav siv daim ntawv foob los xyuas kom cov av noo los yog huab cua los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab qhov muag xws li O-ring. Qhov no yog ib qho kev ntsuas yooj yim tab sis ua tau zoo uas yuav tso cai rau koj siv koj lub koob yees duab hauv cov av noo, muggy, nplaum los yog nruab nrab yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis txhais hais tias lawv nyob nraum pos huab.
Waterproof
Zoo li huab cua-tiv thaiv kev ntsuas, lub koob yees duab dej tsis muaj dej muaj lub foob uas tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob ya raws nkag mus rau hauv cov raj kho qhov muag. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua yam nyob ntawm qib ntawm lub foob, cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov khoom siv tes ua. Kev siv dej tsis zoo tso cai rau koj tso dej rau koj lub koob yees duab rau lub sijhawm sib txawv - qee qhov yog rau qhov tob tob rau lub sijhawm txwv, thaum lwm tus yog tsim rau cov qauv tub rog thiab yog li tuaj yeem nkag rau hauv qhov tob / ntev dua. Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li qhov ntsuas huab cua-resistant, muaj cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj tsis tas txhais tau tias lawv yog cov pov thawj pos huab.
Fog pov thawj
Yog li, "fogging" yog dab tsi?Fogging tshwm sim thaum muaj cov dej noo nyob rau hauv cov huab cua uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub binoculars. Ib yam li peb pom ib tug neeg hnav tsom iav qhib lub qhov cub thiab tau txais tag nrhoua npuas ncauj, yog tias koj coj koj lub koob yees duab los ntawm ib qho kub mus rau lwm qhov, huab cua yuav condensate thiab ua rau lub lens pos huab.
Hmoov zoo, peb nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb ntawm cov neeg txawj ntse uas tsim cov tsom iav tsom iav uas siv cov pa qhuav, tsis muaj zog los tiv thaiv pos huab. Gases xws li nitrogen los yog argon (los yog ib tug ua ke) yog pumped rau hauv cov hlab nyob rau hauv siab, ua kom cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw thiab xyuas kom meej tias tsis muaj ya raws yuav nkag tau mus rau hauv. thiab yog li ntawd, ncua dej / huab pov thawj lub sijhawm, tab sis qhov no tsis yog ib yam uas yuav tsum tau xav txog los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom pom. Lub takeaway yog, cov khoom siv roj uas muaj roj (qhov twg los xij nws yog inert gas) muab cov huab cua pov thawj zoo uas yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev taug kev hauv qhov chaw siab, ze rau lub cev qhib dej, lossis noog pom hauv cov huab cua ntub.
Tshwj xeeb binoculars
Txog rau tam sim no, peb tau sib tham txog cov qauv binoculars, tab sis muaj ntau lub koob yees duab tshwj xeeb uas peb xav npog. Tam sim no, muaj qee qhov kev sib tw nrog cov yam ntxwv tab sis peb yuav cais nws kom yooj yim dua:
Duab-Stabilized Binoculars
Feem ntau, lub koob yees duab muaj zog ntau dua, qhov loj dua thiab hnyav dua lawv yuav ua rau lawv nyuaj rau tuav ruaj khov thiab saib cov duab ntse, tsis muaj co-dawb. Zoo li lub koob yees duab DSLR lossis iav tsis muaj iav nrog IBIS (In-Body Image-Stabilisation), cov duab-stabilized binoculars tuaj yeem them nyiaj rau cov neeg siv txav mus los, kho qhov xwm txheej kom pom tseeb, co-dawb duab. Muaj peb hom stabilization siv gyroscopic, hluav taws xob, thiab mechanical.
Gyroscopic stabilizationyog ua tiav nrog gyroscopes sab hauv uas muab cov ntaub ntawv siv los txav prisms thiab stabilize cov duab.
Electronic stabilizationsiv cov accelerometers me me los ntsuas ib qho kev txav uas tom qab ntawd xa cov lus txib los kho cov prisms kom tawm tsam qhov kev txav ntawd.
Mechanical stabilizationsiv ib qho array ntawm me me counterweights uas txav mus rau qhov sib npaug ntawm cov duab, counteracting ib qho kev txav los ntawm tes-shakes thiab lwm yam.
Lawv puas yog rau txhua tus? Tsis yog. Tab sis lawv feem ntau yog siv los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv hiav txwv, yog tias koj yuav tsum siv cov koob yees duab duab, qhov swaying thiab txav ntawm lub nkoj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau lossis xeev siab. Lawv kuj tseem nrov nrog cov neeg tsav dav hlau thiab cov kws tshawb nrhiav-thiab-kev cawm seej kom ua tiav cov duab tsis muaj co.
Kuj tseem muaj qee qhov tsis zoo - lub koob yees duab nrog cov thev naus laus zis no feem ntau hnyav dua thiab raug nqi ntau dua li cov qauv binos, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, lawv tau siv thiab yog li yuav tsum tau hloov roj teeb lub sijhawm.
Zoom binoculars
Raws li lub npe qhia, cov koob yees duab zoom no! Lawv muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj me uas tso cai rau koj los tshawb txog qhov xwm txheej lossis ib qho kev nthuav dav ntxiv. Siv ob lub koob yees duab zoom nrog ib qho 8-24 × 25 ntau yam - koj muaj 8x magnification ntawm qis kawg thiab 24x magnification ntawm siab kawg. Qhov no feem ntau siv tau los ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo lossis qhov chaw yooj yim thaum uas ncav cuag yam tsis tas yuav hloov koj tuav lossis nqa koj ob lub qhov muag los ntawm optics.
Nws yog qhov zoo kom paub tias txoj hauv kev kho qhov muag thiab cov physics ntawm prisms yog optimized rau ib lub hwj chim. Thaum lub peev xwm zoom hauv yog qhov zoo rau kev soj ntsuam ib qho chaw thiab muab ntau dua rau koj - qhov ntau koj zoom nyob rau hauv thiab ntau nyob deb ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws magnification, yuav muaj ib theem ntawm degradation nyob rau hauv cov duab brightness, thiab sharpness thiab yog li ntawd, cov duab zoo. . Nyob ntawm koj qhov kev siv, qhov no yuav yog lossis tsis yog qhov teeb meem.
Tubrog nkoj
Peb tau hais luv luv hais txog cov no ua ntej hauv phau ntawv qhia kev yuav khoom no, tab sis peb yuav mus rau ntau yam ntxiv ntawm no. Marine binoculars yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb, muaj ntau yam hauv cov khoom no. Lawv feem ntau ua los ntawm qhov corrosion / kub resistant polycarbonate tau hais ua ntej uas yog lub teeb yuag, ruaj khov, muaj peev xwm tswj tau cov dej ntsev ib puag ncig, thiab muaj cov nyiaj ntxiv ntawm feem ntau ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov - qhov zoo tshaj yog tias koj yuam kev poob lawv hla.
Lawv kuj feem ntau muaj roj puv rau huab cua / dej pov thawj, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv qhov chaw no. Ntau lub marine binoculars kuj tau nruab nrog cov digital thiab analogue compasss nrog rau cov duab-stabilization thiab / lossis kev sib xyaw ua ke. Lawv txawv ntawm tus nqi tab sis feem ntau, lub tswb thiab xuav ntau dua, lawv yuav kim dua.
Hmo pom kev pom lub teeb pom kev zoo
Tshwj xeeb thiab feem ntau kim heev, hmo ntuj pom lub teeb pom kev zoo feem ntau muaj qhov tsis tshua muaj qhov loj me thiab tau nruab nrog lub teeb ua kom muaj zog los txhawb cov teeb pom kev zoo nyob ib puag ncig lossis lub teeb hauv infrared teeb kom pom kev teeb pom kev zoo. Qhov teeb pom kev zoo ntawm infrared no tsis pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab tab sis tuaj yeem pom ntawm lub roj teeb-powered sensor nyob rau hauv lub teeb pom kev tsaus ntuj. Qee cov qauv muaj qhov SD daim npav qhov uas tso cai rau koj los ntes cov yeeb yaj kiab lossis kaw cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm cov xwm txheej nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm koj. Cov cuab yeej pom kev hmo ntuj muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam sib txawv los ntawm binoculars mus rau monoculars, thiab nyob ntawm seb koj siv yuav ua tau zoo ntxiv rau koj lub hnab ntim khoom!
Khoom siv
Feem ntau, cov khoom siv binocular pab hloov qhov ploj lossis tawg. Tab sis peb yuav tsom mus rau qhov chaw uas yuav yooj yim siv lossis nqa koj lub koob yees duab yooj yim dua.
Neck Straps- Muaj ntau tus xov tooj ntawm cov hlua tawm muaj los xaiv. Adjustable, padded, xim - koj npe nws. Muaj ib yam dab tsi tawm rau txhua tus thiab txhua lub sijhawm!
Khawm- Qee zaum, lub caj dab muab lub pluaj tsis txaus lossis tsuas yog tsis haum rau koj qhov kev mus ncig. Rau qhov no, koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov hlua khi uas tso cai rau koj txuas koj cov binos rau koj hla koj lub xub pwg nyom, nraub qaum lossis ncig koj lub duav. Muaj txhua yam tawm muaj uas yuav ua tau zoo tshaj plaws rau koj txoj haujlwm.
Tripod Adapters & Mounts- Qhov loj dua cov binos, lawv ntau cumbersome. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lawv nyuaj rau tuav thiab / lossis tuav ruaj khov. Feem ntau siv rau hauv cov noog hides los muab kev ruaj ntseg thiab cov duab khov kho, koj tuaj yeem siv lub koob yees duab adapter lossis mount los txuas koj lub koob yees duab mus rau lub tripod / deg. Qhov no ua rau cov kev soj ntsuam ntev dua yooj yim dua.
Tethered kaus mom- Tsis nco qab poob koj lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm lub kaus mom lens. Tau txais qee lub kaus mom tethered los voj hla lub hom phiaj lens kawg. Cias tig lawv thiab koj tsis tas yuav txhawj txog kev poob lawv.
Rain Guards- Cov neeg saib xyuas no hloov lub kaus mom uas tuaj nrog koj cov binos. Lawv zaum saum lub qhov muag ntawm lub koob yees duab los tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm nag lossis daus thaum hnav ib ncig ntawm caj dab.
Cov khoom siv tu huv- Peb yuav tsum khaws peb lub koob yees duab kom huv si thiab tshem tawm cov khib nyiab kom ntseeg tau tias cov duab zoo tshaj plaws. Rau qhov no, muaj ntau ntau ntawm cov kua lens daws teeb meem, cwj mem, ntaub thiab tshuaj ntxuav.
Digiscoping Adapters- Tej zaum koj tsis muaj lub koob yees duab thiab lub lens ntev tab sis koj xav tua ib tug noog, tsiaj lossis scene uas koj tau pom los ntawm koj lub koob yees duab. Saib tsis pub dhau lub digiscoping adapter. Qhov adapter no tso cai rau koj los txhim kho koj lub koob yees duab smartphone rau koj lub koob yees duab thiab thaij duab ntawm qhov pom loj!
Koj puas tau xav txog…
Peb tau npog cov duab thaij duab ntawm txhua daim duab thiab qhov loj me tab sis tej zaum muaj ntau hom optic yuav zoo dua rau koj cov kev xav tau?
Rangefinders
Rangefinders yog cov cuab yeej siv roj teeb uas feem ntau siv hauv kev ua kis las xws li golf lossis archery los ntsuas qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov pom thiab qhov kev kawm. Thaum koj tuaj yeem siv nws los soj ntsuam qhov xwm txheej, nws tsis yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws saib apparatus.
Monoculars
Ib qho monocular yog qhov tseem ceeb ib nrab ntawm ob lub koob yees duab thiab ua haujlwm tib lub hom phiaj - nthuav cov khoom nyob deb lossis qhov chaw. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub koob yees duab siv rau kev soj ntsuam, feem ntau ntawm qhov ntev, monoculars feem ntau yog siv rau kev soj ntsuam ib qho chaw thiab txheeb xyuas qhov chaw ntawm lub hom phiaj thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tau sib zog thiab me dua li lub koob yees duab thiab tej zaum yuav zoo rau cov neeg uas xav saib cov tsiaj qus. los yog cov ncauj lus tab sis tsis tuaj yeem them qhov chaw nqa los ntawm binos.
Spotting Scopes
Spotting scopes zoo li mus rau lwm qhov chaw ntawm kev soj ntsuam tab sis tseem muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tshwm sim - kev pom zoo ntawm ib qho chaw, khoom lossis kev kawm. Lawv feem ntau cumbersome thaum piv rau lwm yam optics thiab feem ntau yuav tsum tau ib tug tripod los yog mounting system. Tab sis nws tag nrho los rau koj lub hom phiaj siv - yog tias koj tab tom tsim qhov chaw saib xyuas mus tas li lossis xav tau qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov muag pom, qhov pom kev tuaj yeem yog qhov kev xaiv rau koj.
Glossary
Magnification- Qhov no yog hais txog lub zog ntawm lub koob yees duab thiab yog li ntawd, qhov khoom yuav nyob ze npaum li cas. Tab sis qhov no yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ua ke nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub hom phiaj lens.
Prisms- Prisms yog siv los kho cov duab inverted projected los ntawm lub hom phiaj lens thaum lub teeb hla.
Porro Prism- Porro prism binoculars muaj qhov cuam tshuam sab hauv prism kom nthuav cov duab. Lub teeb hla dhau los ua "Z" zoo li ua ntej mus txog qhov muag.
Ru tsev Prism- Kev tsim qauv prism niaj hnub no qhov twg lub teeb hla dhau los ntawm txoj kab ncaj nraim uas tso cai rau ntau lub teeb pom kev zoo.
Tawm ntawm Tub Kawm Ntawv- Cov menyuam kawm ntawv tawm yog qhov loj ntawm lub teeb tsom ntawm lub teeb uas tsoo lub qhov muag
Qhov muag nyem- Qhov no yog hais txog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm koj cov menyuam kawm ntawv thiab lub qhov muag thaum pom tag nrho qhov chaw pom.
FOV- Field of View yog hais txog qhov dav ntawm thaj chaw koj tuaj yeem pom thaum pom tag nrho cov duab.
Gas puv- Inert gases xws li nitrogen los yog argon (los yog ib tug ua ke) yog pumped rau hauv cov hlab nyob rau hauv lub siab, ua kom cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw thiab xyuas kom meej tias tsis muaj noo noo nkag mus rau hauv.